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La '''Giornata Mondiale dei Diritti Umani''' è una celebrazione sovranazionale che si celebra in tutto il mondo il [[10 dicembre]] di tutti gli anni. La data è stata scelta per ricordare la proclamazione da parte dell'[[Assemblea Generale delle Nazioni Unite]] della [[Dichiarazione Universale dei Diritti dell'Uomo]], il [[10 dicembre]] [[1948]].<!--The formal establishment of Human Rights Day occurred at the 317th Plenary Meeting of the [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly]] on 4 December 1950, when the General Assembly declared resolution 423(V), inviting all member states and any other interested organizations to celebrate the day as they saw fit.<ref>{{UN document |docid=A/RES/423(V) |session=5 |type=Resolution |body=General Assembly |resolution_number=423(V) |url=http://daccess-ods.un.org/access.nsf/Get?OpenAgent&DS=A/RES/423(V)&Lang=E&Area=RESOLUTION |accessdate=2009-10-29 |date=4 December 1950 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ohchr.org/EN/AboutUs/Pages/HumanRightsDay.aspx |title=The History of Human Rights Day |accessdate=2009-10-29 |author=Office of the High Commission for Human Rights |year=2009}}</ref>
The day is a high point in the calendar of UN headquarters in [[New York City]], [[United States]], and is normally marked by both high-level political conferences and meetings and by cultural events and exhibitions dealing with human rights issues. In addition, it is traditionally on 10 December that the five-yearly [[United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights]] and [[Nobel Peace Prize]] are awarded. Many [[international organization|governmental]] and [[nongovernmental organizations]] active in the human rights field also schedule special events to commemorate the day, as do many civil and social-cause organisations.
The theme for 2006 was the struggle against poverty, taking it as a human rights issue. Several [http://www.ohchr.org/english/events/day2006/statements.htm statements] were released on that occasion, including [http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006B9C2E/(httpNewsByYear_en)/3C69632CF6A7B815C125723E00635723?OpenDocument the one] issued by 37 United Nations [[United Nations Human Rights Council#Special_Procedures_of_the_Human_Rights_Council|Special Procedures mandate holders]]
{{cquote|Today, poverty prevails as the gravest human rights challenge in the world. Combating poverty, deprivation and exclusion is not a matter of charity, and it does not depend on how rich a country is. By tackling poverty as a matter of human rights obligation, the world will have a better chance of abolishing this scourge in our lifetime....Poverty eradication is an achievable goal.|30px|30px|[[UN High Commissioner for Human Rights]] [[Louise Arbour]], 10 December 2006}}
The 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights occurred on 10 December 2008, and the UN Secretary-General launched a year-long campaign leading up to this anniversary. Because the UDHR holds the world record as the most translated document (with more than 360 language versions available), organizations around the globe used the year to focus on helping people everywhere learn about their rights.
==Past Observances==
[[File:Stamp of Moldova 292.gif|thumb|50 years of the [[Universal Declaration of Human Rights]]]]
===1979===
*[[Shih Ming-teh]] organizes a human rights campaign in [[Kaoshiung]], [[Taiwan]]. This will lead to the [[Kaohsiung Incident]] characterized by three rounds of arrests and mock trials of political opponents of the ruling [[Kuomintang]] party and their subsequent imprisonment.
=== 2004===
* [[International PEN]] announced the launch of a new campaign to secure the release from prison of "cyber-dissidents" in [[People's Republic of China|PR China]], [[Maldives]] and [[Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = A global campaign against Internet censorship and the long-term imprisonment of cyber-dissidents in Asia
| publisher = PEN American Center
| url = http://www.pen.org/freedom/asia2004.html
| accessdate =15 December 2006}}</ref>
* The [[Inter-American Commission on Human Rights]], the UN's [[Special Representative of the Secretary General for Human Rights Defenders|Special Representative for Human Rights Defenders]] and the [[African Union]]'s [[African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights|Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights]] issued a joint communiqué in which they commended the [[European Union]] for its recent adoption of a set of guidelines for protecting [[human rights defender]]s and urged the world's other regions to take similar steps in that direction.<ref>{{cite press release
| title = On the occasion of Human Rights Day, the UN, Inter-American and African protection mechanisms call on governments to protect human rights defenders.
| publisher = Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
| date = 10 December 2004
| url = http://www.cidh.org/Comunicados/English/2004/27.04.htm
| accessdate = 2006-12-15}}</ref>
* The [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] organised a seminar in New York City on academic freedom in [[Iraq]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = Satellite Imagery for Conflict Prevention and Human Rights: An Event in Honor of Human Rights Day 2006
| publisher = The American Association for the Advancement of Science, Science and Human Rights Program
| date = 16 June 2006
| url = http://shr.aaas.org/hrday/
| accessdate =15 December 2006}}
</ref>
* Human Rights Day is endorsed by the International Humanist and Ethical Union ([[IHEU]]) as an official day of [[Secular humanist|Humanist]] celebration.
=== 2006 ===
* In an irony of fate, former Chilean president/dictator [[Augusto Pinochet]], known for human rights violations committed during his authoritarian rule, died of a heart attack on 10 December 2006, at the age of 91.<ref name=pinochet-times>{{cite news
|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-2498310,00.html
|title=General Pinochet, 91, dies awaiting trial for murder
|author=Catan, Thomas and Crooks, Nathan|year=2006
|accessdate=11 December 2006
|publisher=''[[The Times]]'' | location=London
| date=11 December 2006}}</ref>
=== 2008 ===
* Gay rights activists in the U.S. state of California urged people to support equal rights by "calling in 'gay'" to work.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=6420501
|title=" Calling in 'Gay' to Work Is Latest Form of Protest" ABC News
|accessdate=9 December 2008}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> This was in response to the renewed ban on gay marriage when [[California Proposition 8 (2008)|Proposition 8]] passed earlier in the year.
* Several people were detained in [[People's Republic of China|China]] after around 300 people signed an online petition titled ''[[Charter 08]]'' for the government to improve human rights in the country. In Beijing, a small protest was broken up that took place outside the foreign ministry.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/7774693.stm "Chinese police detain protesters"], BBC, 10 December 2008.</ref>
* UNYA Australia celebrated Human Rights Day with the write4rights campaign, asking young people to contribute a message about human rights by phone or on a website for display in Australian State capital cities.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.unya.asn.au/write4rights.php
|title=Write4Rights
|accessdate=9 December 2008}}</ref>
* [[Amnesty International]] organised a large event in [[Paris]], [[France]], to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the UN resolution.<ref>[http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jkc7RghMDnMqx9zZBo-Rx46pF3IQ "Abuses persist as UN rights declaration turns 60"], AFP, December 10, 2008.</ref>
* Celebrations took place in [[Phnom Penh]] and around [[Cambodia]], including a march by 5000 people, and a further 1000 people releasing balloons, organised by [[Non-government organisations|NGOs]].<ref>[http://www.phnompenhpost.com/index.php/2008121023141/National-news/Inequality-is-fuelling-rights-violations-UN-warns-govt.html "Inequality is fuelling rights violations, UN warns govt"], December 10, 2008.</ref>
* Other celebrations and events took place in [[Russia]] <ref>[http://www.itar-tass.com/eng/level2.html?NewsID=13366636&PageNum=0 "International Human Rights Day marked in Russia"], ITAR-TASS, December 10, 2008.</ref> and [[India]].<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Bangalore/Students_celebrate_human_rights_day_/articleshow/3820506.cms "Students celebrate Human Rights Day"], Times of India, December 10, 2008.</ref>
===2009===
10 December 2009 marked the 61st anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. [[Tom Malinowsky]] from [[Human Rights Watch]] in the U.S. state of Washington commented that there had been progress in human rights over the last 40 years" ''"I think there is greater awareness around the world that people have fundamental rights and that those rights are enshrined in both law domestically and internationally"''.<ref>[http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/middle-east/International-Human-Rights-Day-Marks-Progress-and-Setbacks-78959132.html "International Human Rights Day Marks Progress and Setbacks - Human rights advocates say the world has come a long way but some countries can do better"]</ref>
==Date variance==
* In [[South Africa]], Human Rights Day is celebrated on 21 March, in remembrance of the [[Sharpeville massacre]].<ref>{{cite web
| title = Human Rights Day
| publisher = South African Human Rights Commission
| date =
| url = http://www.sahrc.org.za/why_celebrate_human_rights_day.htm
|accessdate=15 December 2006 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060923065834/http://www.sahrc.org.za/why_celebrate_human_rights_day.htm |archivedate = 23 September 2006}}</ref>-->
==Note==
<references />
==Voci correlate==
*[[Goa-Boa Festival]]
==Collegamenti esterni==
*[http://www.un.org/events/humanrights/ Sito ufficiale]
[[Categoria:Festività internazionali]]
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