Trono del Dragone: differenze tra le versioni

{{T|inglese|storia|febbraio 2016}}

 

Il '''Trono del Dragone''' è un'espressione [[Occidente (civiltà)|occidentale]] usata per identificare il [[trono|soglio]] [[Cina|cinese]]. Dato che il [[drago cinese|dragone]] era l'[[emblema]] della [[Impero Celeste|potenza imperiale della Cina]], il trono dell'imperatore, che era considerato il tramite tra il Cielo e il popolo, fu letterariamente riconosciuto come "il Trono del Dragone".<ref>{{Cita libro |lingua = en |cognome = Arnold |nome = Julean Herbert |anno = 1920 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=y0waAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA446&dq=drangon+throne+and+china&lr= |titolo = Commercial Handbook of China |pagina = 446 |accesso = 27 febbraio 2016}}</ref> È stato anche utilizzato per riferirsi a diversi altri seggi, come per le sedi di varie strutture della [[Città Proibita]] di [[Pechino]], o negli appartamenti dell'[[Antico Palazzo d'Estate]]. In senso astratto, il "Trono del Drago" si riferisce anche retoricamente al capo dello Stato e alla monarchia stessa.<ref>{{Cita libro |lingua = en |cognome = Williams |nome = David |anno = 1858 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=BmMFAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA66&dq=throne+of+england&lr=&client=firefox-a#PPA153,M1 |titolo = The preceptor's assistant, or, Miscellaneous questions in general history, literature, and science |pagina = 153 |accesso = 27 febbraio 2016}}</ref> [[Daoguang]] si riferiva al suo trono come "l'utensile divino". <!--::"My sacred and indulgent father had, in the year that he began to rule alone, silently settled that the divine utensil (the throne) should devolve on my contemptible person. I, knowing the feebleness of my virtue, at first felt much afraid I should not be competent to the office; but on reflecting that the sages, my ancestors, have left to posterity their plans; that his late majesty has laid the duty on me -— and heaven's throne should not be long vacant -— I have done violence to my feelings, and forced myself to intermit awhile my heartfelt grief, that I may with reverence obey the unalterable decree and on the 27th of the 8th moon (October 3rd), I purpose devoutly to announce the event to heaven, to earth, to my ancestors, and to the gods of the land and of the grain, and shall then sit down on the imperial throne." --><ref>{{Cita libro |lingua = en |cognome = Williams |nome = Samuel Wells |anno = 1848 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nINu15k9FuMC&pg=PA313&dq=dragon+throne+and+coronation&lr=#PPA312,M1 |titolo = The Middle Kingdom: A Survey of the ... Chinese Empire and Its Inhabitants |pagina = 312 |accesso = 27 febbraio 2016}}</ref>

Il termine può essere utilizzato per riferirsi ad una specifica sede di Stato: la "Padiglione della Suprema Armonia" (conosciuta anche come la "Sala della Pace Suprema"). Il manufatto vero e proprio era utilizzato solo dall'Imperatore.<ref>{{Cita libro |lingua = en |cognome = Ricalton |nome = James |anno = 1901 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=IU0tKazQ5XIC&pg=PA308&vq=Dragon+Throne&source=gbs_search_r&cad=1_1 |titolo = China Through the Stereoscope: A Journey Through the Dragon Empire at the Time of the Boxer Uprising |pagina = 308 |accesso = 27 febbraio 2016}}</ref>

 

When European and American military forces pushed their way into the [[Beijing|Pekin]] after the [[Boxer Rebellion]] in 1900, they were the first men from the West to appear in the presence of the Dragon Throne since [[Isaac Titsingh]] and [[Andreas Everardus van Braam Houckgeest]] were received with grace and ceremony by the Qianlong Emperor in 1795.<ref>Ricalton, [https://books.google.com/books?id=IU0tKazQ5XIC&pg=PA308&vq=Dragon+Throne&source=gbs_search_r&cad=1_1#PPA309,M1 p. 309.]</ref> [[William Elliot Griffis]] was among those who did actually stand with cameras and notebooks before the Dragon Throne on a sunny September day in 1900; and he described what he saw:

::There was the throne itself, a great three-leaved affair. Over the ample seat in the centre, with a high reredos, two great wings spread off from the central division. All was white marble and jade, liberally sculptured according to the canons of Chinese art. Along the top lay and leered dragons, each one " swinging the scaly horror of his folded tail" toward the central seat, his head projecting outward in the air. Below the throne were the three steps, on the broad second one of which the suppliant performed the nine prostrations or knocks of the head.<ref>Griffis, William Elliot. (1901). [https://books.google.com/books?id=wmERAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA356&dq=drangon+throne+and+china&lr=#PPA358,M1 ''In the Mikado's Service: A Story of Two Battle Summers in China,'' p. 358.]</ref>

 

==Rhetorical usage==

This flexible English term is also a [[rhetorical]] [[trope (literature)|trope]]. Depending on context, the Dragon Throne can be construed as a [[metonymy]], which is a rhetorical device for an allusion relying on proximity or correspondence, as for example referring to actions of the [[Emperor]] or as "actions of the Dragon Throne."

 

::In 1418, "[t]he fleet moored just outside [[Malindi]]'s coral reefs (off the east coast of what is today known as [[Kenya]]). From the belly of the big ships came small rowboats and men in lavish silk robes. And among the faces were some the king recognized. These men he knew. They were his own ambassadors whom he had dispatched months ago on a tribute-bearing mission. Now emissaries of the Dragon Throne were returning them home, and they brought wondrous things to trade. But had so many men and so many ships come in peace or had they come to make the citizens of Malindi subjects of the [[Emperor of China|Son of Heaven]]?"<ref>Levathes, [https://books.google.com/books?id=7hvay9yk04AC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_summary_r&cad=0#PPA19,M1 p. 19; cf. p. ]</ref>

 

* referring to the specific with the general, such as "Dragon Throne" for the long reign of the [[Qianlong Emperor]] (r. 1736–1795) or equally as well for the ambit of the Imperial system, e.g.,

:: In 1921, "... the movement for the restoration of the Throne will eventually have the hearty approval of the vast majority of the people. They will welcome it, not only because the Dragon Throne has been for ages an essential part of the Confucian system, inseparable from the ideas of an agricultural race born and bred on patriarchal Theism, but also because of the callous corruption and disorder with which the present administration has been identified all over the country.<ref>Bland, John. (1921). [https://books.google.com/books?id=4R0PAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA299&dq=drangon+throne+and+china#PPA299,M1 ''China, Japan and Korea,'' p. 299.]</ref>