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==Storia e panoramica generale==
Il termine ''[[Matrice (matematica)|matrice]]'' fu usato per la prima volta da [[James Joseph Sylvester|
[[Module (mathematics)|Module]] is a generalization of vector space. It could be considered as a ''vector space'' over [[Ring (mathematics)|ring]]. It leads to the study of matrices over ring. Matrix theory in this area is not often considered as a branch of linear algebra. Among the results listed in [[#Useful theorems]], [[Cayley-Hamilton Theorem]] is valid if the underlying ring is [[commutative]], [[Smith normal form]] is valid if the underlying ring is a [[principal ideal domain]], but others are valid for only matrices over [[complex number]]s or [[real number]]s.
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