Corporativismo: differenze tra le versioni
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Forme di organizzazione corporativa sono diffuse in varie ideologie, come l'[[assolutismo]], il [[capitalismo]], il [[conservatorismo]], il [[fascismo]]<ref>"Attraverso il principio corporativo, il regime ritenne di poter sussumere nello Stato ogni singola manifestazione sociale, disciogliendo così la società medesima nello Stato stesso, che rimaneva dunque l’unico e indiscusso protagonista sulla scena pubblica": [http://www.nomos-leattualitaneldiritto.it/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Gregorio-convegno-Zangara.pdf Massimiliano Gregorio, ''PARTE TOTALE. VINCENZO ZANGARA E LE DOTTRINE DEL PARTITO POLITICO NEGLI ANNI TRENTA''], (ABSTRACT dell'intervento a ''DALLO STATO PARTITO ALLO STATO DEI PARTITI: E ORA?'', Convegno in occasione dell’80º anniversario della prolusione di Vincenzo Zangara alla Sapienza, Università degli studi di Roma ‘La Sapienza’ Sala delle Lauree – Facoltà di Scienze politiche 29 novembre 2018).</ref>, il [[liberalismo]], il [[progressismo]] e il [[Reazione (politica)|reazionismo]].<ref>Wiarda, Howard J., pp. 31-38, 44, 111, 124, 140.</ref>
Il corporativismo è correlato al concetto [[sociologia|sociologico]] di [[funzionalismo strutturale]].<ref name="Adler, Franklin Hugh Pp. 349">Adler, Franklin Hugh. ''Italian Industrialists from Liberalism to Fascism: The Political Development of the Industrial Bourgeoisie, 1906–34''. Pp. 349</ref>
Il termine può anche riferirsi al trispartismo economico, fondato sulle negoziazioni fra gruppi di interesse imprenditoriali, di lavoratori e stato per definire le politiche economiche.<ref>Hans Slomp. ''European politics into the twenty-first century: integration and division''. Westport, Connecticut, USA: Praeger Publishers, 2000. Pp. 81</ref> In tale contesto viene spesso definito come "neocorporativismo", spesso associato alla [[socialdemocrazia]].<ref name="Social Democratic Corporatism and Economic Growth, 1988">''Social Democratic Corporatism and Economic Growth'', by Hicks, Alexander. 1988. The Journal of Politics, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 677-704. 1988.</ref>
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In Italy from 1922 until 1943, corporatism became influential amongst Italian nationalists led by [[Benito Mussolini]]. The [[Charter of Carnaro]] gained much popularity as the prototype of a "corporative state", having displayed much within its tenets as a guild system combining the concepts of autonomy and authority in a special synthesis.<ref>{{Cita libro|cognome=Parlato|nome=Giuseppe|titolo=La sinistra fascista|editore=Il Mulino|anno=2000|città=Bologna|pp=88}}</ref> [[Alfredo Rocco]] spoke of a corporative state and declared corporatist ideology in detail. Rocco would later become a member of the Italian Fascist regime ''Fascismo''.<ref>Payne, Stanley G. 1996. ''A History of Fascism, 1914–1945''. [https://books.google.com/books?id=9wHNrF7nFecC] Routledge. Pp. 64 [https://books.google.com/books?id=9wHNrF7nFecC&q=Alfredo+Rocco#search] ISBN 1-85728-595-6.</ref>
[[Italian Fascism]] involved a corporatist political system in which the economy was collectively managed by employers, workers and state officials by formal mechanisms at the national level.<ref>''The Routledge Companion to Fascism and the Far Right'' (2002) by Peter Jonathan Davies and Derek Lynch, Routledge (UK), ISBN 0-415-21494-7, p. 143.</ref> This non-elected form of state officializing of every interest into the state was professed to reduce the marginalization of singular interests (as would allegedly happen by the unilateral end condition inherent in the democratic voting process). Corporatism would instead better recognize or "incorporate" every divergent interest into the state organically, according to its supporters, thus being the inspiration for their use of the term [[Totalitarianism|''totalitarian'']], perceivable to them as not meaning a coercive system but described distinctly as without coercion in the 1932 ''[[Doctrine of Fascism]]'' as thus:
[[File:Benito Mussolini Duce.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Benito Mussolini]]]]
{{quote|When brought within the orbit of the State, Fascism recognizes the real needs which gave rise to socialism and trade unionism, giving them due weight in the guild or corporative system in which divergent interests are coordinated and harmonized in the unity of the State.<ref name=doctrine>[http://www.worldfuturefund.org/wffmaster/Reading/Germany/mussolini.htm Mussolini{{spaced ndash}}The Doctrine of Fascism]</ref>}}
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