Posek: differenze tra le versioni

'''Posek''' ([[lingua ebraica|ebraico]] פוסק, {{IPA2|po·ˈseq}}, pl. '''Poskim''', פוסקים) è un termine della [[Halakha]] (legge ebraica) reso come "decisore" — uno studioso giuridico che interpreta e decide l'[[Halakha]] in casi di legge ove passate autorità sono state inconclusive.

 

 

The analysis of the legal principles will entail:

#an initial study of the relevant [[Talmud]]ic ''[[Gemara#The Sugya|Sugyas]]'' with commentaries;

The ruling itself—effectively an ''application'' of these principles—will also be [[consistent]] with all relevant [[legal precedent]]s as recorded in the [[responsa]] literature, and with all relevant [[Halakha#Codes of Jewish law|codified law]] with an emphasis on the [[Shulkhan Arukh]].

 

===Orthodox Judaism===

In [[Orthodox Judaism]] poskim will not overrule a specific law, unless based on an earlier authority: a posek will generally extend a law to new situations, but will not ''change'' the Halakhah; see [[Orthodox Judaism#Beliefs about Jewish law and tradition|further]] under [[Orthodox Judaism]]. (Thus for example, some Halakhic rulings related to electricity when it was new, were derived from rulings concerning another form of human-managed energy, "fire", but that view was subsequently modified as the nature of electricity was clarified when used as an [[electrical circuit]].)

Poskim play an integral role in [[Haredi Judaism]] and [[Orthodox Judaism]]. Particularly in the Haredi world, each community will regard one of its ''poskim'' as its ''Posek HaDor'' ("Posek of the present Generation"). For [[Lithuanian Jews|Lithuanian]]-style [[Haredi Judaism|Haredi]] world it is probably Rabbi [[Yosef Shalom Eliashiv]]. For the [[Sephardi Jews]] it is probably Rabbi [[Ovadia Yosef]]. [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic Jews]] rely on their own [[Rebbe]]s or leading posek recommended by their Rebbes. [[Modern Orthodox Judaism|Modern Orthodox]] Jews may select a posek on a more individual rather than a communal basis, although customs vary.

 

 

===Ebraismo Riformato e Ricostruzionista===

--->

 

==='''Poskim''' non più viventi===

*[[Yehezkel Abramsky]] (1886–1976)

*[[Chaim Kreiswirth]] (1918–2001)

*[[Yechezkel Landau]] (1713–1793, ''Noda bi-Yehudah'')

*[[Ephraim Oshry]] (1914–2003)

*[[Chanoch Dov Padwa]] (1908–2000, ''Cheishev Ho'ephod'')

*[[Meir Brandsdorfer]] (''Kaneh Bosem'')

*[[Dovid Cohen]]

*[[Mordechai Eliyahu]]

*[[Fishel Herskowitz]]

*[[Menashe Klein]], (Menashe Hakoton, Ungvar Rebbe)

*[[Chaim Pinchas Sheinberg]]

*[[Osher Weiss]] (Minchas Osher)

*[[Mordechai Willig]], [[rosh yeshiva]] at [[Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary|RIETS]]

*[[Shmuel Wosner]] (''Shevet HaLevi'')

 

 

==Voci correlate==

*[[Talmud]]

*[[Torah]]

*[[Chassidismo]]

*[[Chabad-Lubavitch]]

*[[Giurista]]

 

==Riferimenti e Fonti==

 

{{Portale|Ebraismo|Religione}}

[[Categoria:Ebraismo]]

[[Categoria:Giudaismo]]