Utente:Fandango7/List of epidemics
Questo articolo è un elenco di epidemie causate da malattie infettive. Non sono incluse le malattie comuni non trasmissibili come le malattie cardiovascolari e il cancro.
XV secolo e prima modifica
Bilancio delle vittime (stima) | Posizione | Data | Evento | Malattia | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
75000 - 100000 | Grecia | 429–426 a.C. | Peste di Atene | Sconosciuto, forse tifo, febbre tifoide o febbre emorragica virale | [1] [2] [3] |
Sconosciuto | Grecia settentrionale e Repubblica romana | 412 a.C. | Epidemia del 412 a.C. | Sconosciuto, forse influenza | [4] |
5-10 milioni | Impero romano | 165–180 (possibilmente fino a 190) | Peste antonina | Sconosciuto, forse vaiolo | [5] |
1 milione + (sconosciuto, ma almeno) | Europa | 250-266 | Peste di Cipriano | Sconosciuto, forse vaiolo | [6] [7] |
25–100 milioni; 40-50% della popolazione europea | Europa e Asia occidentale | 541-542 | Peste di Giustiniano | Peste | [8] [9] [10] |
Isole Britanniche | 664-689 | Peste del 664 | Peste | [11] | |
2.000.000 (Circa. dell'intera popolazione giapponese) | Giappone | 735-737 | 735–737 Epidemia di vaiolo giapponese | Vaiolo | [12] [13] |
Impero bizantino, Asia occidentale, Africa | 746-747 | Peste del 746–747 | Peste | [14] | |
75–200 milioni (10–60% della popolazione europea) | Europa, Asia e Nord Africa | 1331-1353 | Morte Nera | Peste | [15] |
10.000 + | Gran Bretagna ( Inghilterra ) e successivamente Europa continentale | 1485-1551 | Malattia del sudore (epidemie multiple) | Sconosciuto, forse una specie sconosciuta di hantavirus | [16] |
XVI e XVII secolo modifica
Death toll (estimate) | Location | Date | Event | Disease | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5–8 million (40% of population) | Mexico | 1520 | 1520 Smallpox Epidemic | Smallpox | [17] |
5–15 million (80% of population) | Mexico | 1545–1548 | Cocoliztli Epidemic of 1545–1548 | Possibly Salmonella enterica | [18][19][20][21] |
> 20,100 in London | London | 1563–1564 | 1563 London plague | Plague | |
2–2.5 million (50% of population) | Mexico | 1576–1580 | Cocoliztli epidemic of 1576 | Possibly Salmonella enterica | |
Seneca nation | 1592–1596 | Measles | [22] | ||
3,000 | Malta | 1592–1593 | 1592–93 Malta plague epidemic | Plague | [23] |
> 19,900 in London and outer parishes | London | 1592–1593 | 1592–93 London plague | Plague | |
Spain | 1596–1602 | Plague | [24] | ||
South America | 1600–1650 | Malaria | [25] | ||
England | 1603 | Plague | |||
Egypt | 1609 | Plague | |||
30–90% of population | Southern New England, especially the Wampanoag people | 1616–1620 | 1616 New England epidemic | Unknown cause. Latest research suggests epidemic(s) of leptospirosis with Weil syndrome. Classic explanations include yellow fever, bubonic plague, influenza, smallpox, chickenpox, typhus, and syndemic infection of hepatitis B and hepatitis D. | [26][27] |
280,000 | Italy | 1629–1631 | Italian plague of 1629–1631 | Plague | [28] |
15,000-25,000 | Wyandot people | 1634 | Smallpox | [29] | |
Thirteen Colonies | 1633 | Massachusetts smallpox epidemic | Smallpox | ||
England | 1636 | Plague | [30] | ||
China | 1641–1644 | Plague | [31] | ||
Spain | 1647–1652 | Great Plague of Seville | Plague | ||
Central America | 1648 | Yellow fever | [32] | ||
Italy | 1656 | Naples Plague | Plague | [33] | |
Thirteen Colonies | 1657 | Measles | [34] | ||
24,148 | Netherlands | 1663–1664 | Plague | ||
100,000[35] | England | 1665–1666 | Great Plague of London | Plague | [36] |
40,000 | France | 1668 | Plague | [37] | |
11,300 | Malta | 1675–1676 | 1675–76 Malta plague epidemic | Plague | [38] |
Spain | 1676–1685 | Plague | [39] | ||
76,000 | Austria | 1679 | Great Plague of Vienna | Plague | |
Thirteen Colonies | 1687 | Measles | [40] | ||
Thirteen Colonies | 1690 | Yellow fever |
XVIII secolo modifica
XIX secolo modifica
Death toll (estimate) | Location | Date | Event | Disease | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spain | 1800–1803 | Yellow fever | [61] | ||
Ottoman Empire, Egypt | 1801 | Bubonic plague | [62] | ||
United States | 1803 | Yellow fever | |||
Egypt | 1812 | Plague | |||
Ottoman Empire | 1812–19 | 1812–19 Ottoman plague epidemic | Plague | [63] | |
4,500 | Malta | 1813–1814 | 1813–14 Malta plague epidemic | Plague | |
60,000 | Romania | 1813 | Caragea's plague | Plague | |
Ireland | 1816–1819 | Typhus | |||
> 100,000 | Asia, Europe | 1816–1826 | First cholera pandemic | Cholera | |
United States | 1820–1823 | Yellow fever | |||
Spain | 1821 | Yellow fever | |||
New South Wales, Australia | 1828 | Smallpox | [64] | ||
Netherlands | 1829 | Groningen epidemic | Malaria | ||
South Australia | 1829 | Smallpox | [65] | ||
Iran | 1829–1835 | Bubonic plague | [66] | ||
> 100,000 | Asia, Europe, North America | 1829–1851 | Second cholera pandemic | Cholera | |
Egypt | 1831 | Cholera | [67] | ||
Plains Indians | 1831–1834 | Smallpox | |||
England, France | 1832 | Cholera | |||
North America | 1832 | Cholera | [68] | ||
United States | 1833 | Cholera | |||
United States | 1834 | Cholera | |||
Egypt | 1834–1836 | Bubonic plague | |||
United States | 1837 | Typhus | |||
Great Plains | 1837–1838 | 1837–38 smallpox epidemic | Smallpox | [69] | |
Dalmatia | 1840 | Plague | |||
South Africa | 1840 | Smallpox | |||
United States | 1841 | Yellow fever | |||
> 20,000 | Canada | 1847–1848 | Typhus epidemic of 1847 | Epidemic typhus | [70] |
United States | 1847 | Yellow fever | |||
Worldwide | 1847–1848 | Influenza | [71] | ||
Egypt | 1848 | Cholera | |||
North America | 1848–1849 | Cholera | |||
United States | 1850 | Yellow fever | |||
North America | 1850–1851 | Influenza | |||
United States | 1851 | Cholera | [72] | ||
United States | 1852 | Yellow fever | |||
1,000,000 | Russia | 1852–1860 | Third cholera pandemic | Cholera | |
Ottoman Empire | 1853 | Plague | [73] | ||
4,737 | Copenhagen, Denmark | 1853 | Cholera epidemic of Copenhagen 1853 | Cholera | [74] |
616 | England | 1854 | Broad Street cholera outbreak | Cholera | [75] |
United States | 1855 | Yellow fever | |||
>12 million in India and China | Worldwide | 1855–1860 | Third plague pandemic | Bubonic plague | [76] |
Portugal | 1857 | Yellow fever | |||
Victoria, Australia | 1857 | Smallpox | [77] | ||
Europe, North America, South America | 1857–1859 | Influenza | |||
> 3,000 | Central Coast, British Columbia | 1862–1863 | Smallpox | [78] | |
Middle East | 1863–1879 | Fourth cholera pandemic | Cholera | ||
Egypt | 1865 | Cholera | |||
Russia, Germany | 1866–1867 | Cholera | |||
Australia | 1867 | Measles | |||
Iraq | 1867 | Plague | [79] | ||
Argentina | 1852–1871 | Yellow fever | [80] | ||
Germany | 1870–1871 | Smallpox | |||
40,000 | Fiji | 1875 | 1875 Fiji Measles outbreak | Measles | [81] |
Russian Empire | 1877 | Plague | |||
Egypt | 1881 | Cholera | |||
> 9,000 | India, Germany | 1881–1896 | Fifth cholera pandemic | Cholera | |
3,164 | Montreal | 1885 | Smallpox | timeline | |
1,000,000 | Worldwide | 1889–1890 | 1889–1890 flu pandemic | Influenza | |
West Africa | 1900 | Yellow fever |
Fine del XIX secolo e XX secolo modifica
XXI secolo modifica
Death toll (estimate) | Location | Date | Event | Disease | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
> 400 | Nigeria | 2001 | Cholera | [82] | |
South Africa | 2001 | Cholera | [83] | ||
359 | China | 2002–2004 | 2002–2004 SARS outbreak | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) | [84] |
299 | Hong Kong | [85] | |||
37 | Taiwan | [86] | |||
44 | Canada | [87] | |||
33 | Singapore | [88] | |||
Algeria | 2003 | Plague | [89] | ||
Afghanistan | 2004 | Leishmaniasis | |||
Bangladesh | 2004 | Cholera | |||
Indonesia | 2004 | Dengue fever | [90] | ||
Senegal | 2004 | Cholera | [91] | ||
7 | Sudan | 2004 | Ebola | ||
Mali | 2005 | Yellow fever | [92] | ||
27 | Singapore | 2005 | 2005 dengue outbreak in Singapore | Dengue fever | [93] |
Luanda, Angola | 2006 | Cholera | [94] | ||
61 | Ituri Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2006 | Plague | [95][96] | |
17 | India | 2006 | Malaria | [97] | |
> 50 | India | 2006 | 2006 dengue outbreak in India | Dengue fever | [98] |
India | 2006 | Chikungunya outbreaks | Chikungunya virus | [99] | |
> 50 | Pakistan | 2006 | 2006 dengue outbreak in Pakistan | Dengue fever | [100] |
Philippines | 2006 | Dengue fever | [101] | ||
187 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2007 | Mweka ebola epidemic | Ebola | [102] |
Ethiopia | 2007 | Cholera | [103] | ||
49 | India | 2008 | Cholera | [104] | |
10 | Iraq | 2007 | 2007 Iraq cholera outbreak | Cholera | [105] |
Nigeria | 2007 | Poliomyelitis | [106] | ||
Puerto Rico; Dominican Republic; Mexico | 2007 | Dengue fever | [107] | ||
Somalia | 2007 | Cholera | [108] | ||
37 | Uganda | 2007 | Ebola | [109] | |
Vietnam | 2007 | Cholera | [110] | ||
Brazil | 2008 | Dengue fever | [111] | ||
Cambodia | 2008 | Dengue fever | [112] | ||
Chad | 2008 | Cholera | [113] | ||
China | 2008–2017 | Hand, foot and mouth disease | [114] | ||
Madagascar | 2008 | Bubonic plague | [115] | ||
Philippines | 2008 | Dengue fever | [116] | ||
Vietnam | 2008 | Cholera | [117] | ||
4,293 | Zimbabwe | 2008–2009 | 2008–2009 Zimbabwean cholera outbreak | Cholera | [118] |
18 | Bolivia | 2009 | 2009 Bolivian dengue fever epidemic | Dengue fever | [119] |
49 | India | 2009 | 2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak | Hepatitis B | [120] |
Queensland, Australia | 2009 | Dengue fever | [121] | ||
Worldwide | 2009 | Mumps outbreaks in the 2000s | Mumps | ||
931 | West Africa | 2009–2010 | 2009–2010 West African meningitis outbreak | Meningitis | [122] |
WHO 18,036 confirmed deaths, CDC estimate 151,700 (284,000) - 575,400 deaths | Worldwide | 2009-2010 | 2009 flu pandemic (informally called "swine flu") | Pandemic H1N1/09 virus | [123] |
10,075 (May 2017) | Hispaniola | 2010–present | Haiti cholera outbreak | Cholera (strain serogroup O1, serotype Ogawa) | [124] |
> 4,500 (February 2014) | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2011–present | Measles | [125][126] | |
170 | Vietnam | 2011–present | Hand, foot and mouth disease | [127][128] | |
> 350 | Pakistan | 2011 | 2011 dengue outbreak in Pakistan | Dengue fever | [129] |
171 (Template:As of) | Darfur Sudan | 2012 | 2012 yellow fever outbreak in Darfur, Sudan | Yellow fever | [130] |
862 (Template:As of) | Worldwide | 2012–present | 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus outbreak | Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) | [131][132][133] |
142 | Vietnam | 2013–2014 | Measles | [134] | |
>> 11,300 | Worldwide, primarily concentrated in West Africa | 2013–2016 | Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa | Ebola virus disease | [135][136][137] |
183 | Americas | 2013–2015 | 2013–14 chikungunya outbreak | Chikungunya | [138] |
40 | Madagascar | 2014–2017 | 2014 Madagascar plague outbreak | Bubonic plague | [139] |
36 | India | 2014–2015 | 2014 Odisha jaundice outbreak | Primarily Hepatitis E, but also Hepatitis A | [140] |
2,035 | India | 2015 | 2015 Indian swine flu outbreak | Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 | [141][142][143] |
~53 | Worldwide | 2015–2016 | 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic | Zika virus | [144] |
100s (Template:As of) | Africa | 2016 | 2016 yellow fever outbreak in Angola | Yellow fever | [145] |
3,886 (Template:As of) | Yemen | 2016–present | 2016–20 Yemen cholera outbreak | Cholera | [146] |
64 (Template:As of) | India | 2017 | 2017 Gorakhpur Japanese encephalitis outbreak | Japanese encephalitis | [147] |
18 (Template:As of) | India | 2018 | 2018 Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala | Nipah virus infection | [148] |
2,253 (Template:As of) | Democratic Republic of the Congo & Uganda | August 2018–present | 2018–20 Kivu Ebola epidemic | Ebola virus disease | [149][150] |
> 5,000 (Template:As of) | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2019–present | 2019 measles outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | Measles | [151] |
83 | Samoa | 2019–present | 2019 Samoa measles outbreak | Measles | [152] |
> 2,000 | Asia-Pacific, Latin America | 2019–present | 2019-20 dengue fever epidemic | Dengue fever | [153][154][155] |
43,500+ | Worldwide | 2019–present | 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic [156] | COVID-19 | [157][158] |
Vedi anche modifica
Riferimenti modifica
[[Categoria:Epidemie]]
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